This class provides a simple interface to execute the same task multiple times in parallel, possibly with different arguments every time.

This mimics the behaviour of python's pool.Map method.

ROOT::TProcessExecutor::Map

This class inherits its interfaces from ROOT::TExecutor
. The two possible usages of the Map method are:

Map(F func, unsigned nTimes): func is executed nTimes with no arguments
Map(F func, T& args): func is executed on each element of the collection of arguments args

For either signature, func is executed as many times as needed by a pool of fNWorkers workers; the number of workers can be passed to the constructor or set via SetNWorkers. It defaults to the number of cores.
A collection containing the result of each execution is returned.
Note: the user is responsible for the deletion of any object that might be created upon execution of func, returned objects included: ROOT::TProcessExecutor never deletes what it returns, it simply forgets it.
Note: that the usage of ROOT::TProcessExecutor::Map is indicated only when the task to be executed takes more than a few seconds, otherwise the overhead introduced by Map will outrun the benefits of parallel execution on most machines.

Parameters

func	a lambda expression, an std::function, a loaded macro, a functor class or a function that takes zero arguments (for the first signature) or one (for the second signature).
args	a standard vector, a ROOT::TSeq of integer type or an initializer list for the second signature. An integer only for the first.

Note: in cases where the function to be executed takes more than zero/one argument but all are fixed except zero/one, the function can be wrapped in a lambda or via std::bind to give it the right signature.
Note: the user should take care of initializing random seeds differently in each process (e.g. using the process id in the seed). Otherwise several parallel executions might generate the same sequence of pseudo-random numbers.

Return value:

An std::vector. The elements in the container will be the objects returned by func.

Examples:

root[] ROOT::TProcessExecutor pool; auto hists = pool.Map(CreateHisto, 10);

root[] ROOT::TProcessExecutor pool(2); auto squares = pool.Map([](int a) { return a*a; }, {1,2,3});

ROOT::TProcessExecutor

This class provides a simple interface to execute the same task multiple times in parallel,...

Definition: TProcessExecutor.hxx:35

ROOT::TProcessExecutor::Map

auto Map(F func, unsigned nTimes) -> std::vector< typename std::result_of< F()>::type >

Execute func (with no arguments) nTimes in parallel.

Definition: TProcessExecutor.hxx:98

a

auto * a

Definition: textangle.C:12

ROOT::TProcessExecutor::MapReduce

This set of methods behaves exactly like Map, but takes an additional function as a third argument. This function is applied to the set of objects returned by the corresponding Map execution to "squash" them to a single object.

Examples:

root[] ROOT::TProcessExecutor pool; auto ten = pool.MapReduce([]() { return 1; }, 10, [](std::vector<int> v) { return std::accumulate(v.begin(), v.end(), 0); })

root[] ROOT::TProcessExecutor pool; auto hist = pool.MapReduce(CreateAndFillHists, 10, PoolUtils::ReduceObjects);

v

SVector< double, 2 > v

Definition: Dict.h:5

ROOT::ExecutorUtils::ReduceObjects

Merge collection of TObjects.

Definition: PoolUtils.h:35

ROOT::TProcessExecutor::MapReduce

auto MapReduce(F func, unsigned nTimes, R redfunc) -> typename std::result_of< F()>::type

This method behaves just like Map, but an additional redfunc function must be provided.

Definition: TProcessExecutor.hxx:199

Definition at line 35 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

Public Member Functions
	TProcessExecutor (const TProcessExecutor &)=delete

	TProcessExecutor (unsigned nWorkers=0)
	Class constructor. More...

	~TProcessExecutor ()=default

unsigned	GetNWorkers () const

template<class F , class INTEGER , class Cond = noReferenceCond<F, INTEGER>>
auto	Map (F func, ROOT::TSeq< INTEGER > args) -> std::vector< typename std::result_of< F(INTEGER)>::type >
	Execute func in parallel, taking an element of a sequence as argument. More...

template<class F , class T , class Cond = noReferenceCond<F, T>>
auto	Map (F func, std::vector< T > &args) -> std::vector< typename std::result_of< F(T)>::type >
	Execute func in parallel, taking an element of an std::vector as argument. More...

template<class F , class Cond = noReferenceCond<F>>
auto	Map (F func, unsigned nTimes) -> std::vector< typename std::result_of< F()>::type >
	Execute func (with no arguments) nTimes in parallel. More...

template<class F , class T , class R , class Cond = noReferenceCond<F, T>>
auto	MapReduce (F func, std::vector< T > &args, R redfunc) -> typename std::result_of< F(T)>::type
	This method behaves just like Map, but an additional redfunc function must be provided. More...

template<class F , class R , class Cond = noReferenceCond<F>>
auto	MapReduce (F func, unsigned nTimes, R redfunc) -> typename std::result_of< F()>::type
	This method behaves just like Map, but an additional redfunc function must be provided. More...

TProcessExecutor &	operator= (const TProcessExecutor &)=delete

template<class T , class R >
T	Reduce (const std::vector< T > &objs, R redfunc)
	"Reduce" an std::vector into a single object by passing a function as the second argument defining the reduction operation. More...

void	SetNWorkers (unsigned n)

Public Member Functions inherited from ROOT::TExecutor< TProcessExecutor >
	TExecutor ()=default

	TExecutor (size_t)

auto	Map (F func, ROOT::TSeq< INTEGER > args) -> std::vector< typename std::result_of< F(INTEGER)>::type >
	Execute func in parallel, taking an element of a sequence as argument. More...

auto	Map (F func, std::initializer_list< T > args) -> std::vector< typename std::result_of< F(T)>::type >
	Execute func in parallel, taking an element of the std::initializer_list as argument. More...

auto	Map (F func, std::vector< T > &args) -> std::vector< typename std::result_of< F(T)>::type >
	Execute func in parallel, taking an element of an std::vector as argument. More...

auto	Map (F func, unsigned nTimes) -> std::vector< typename std::result_of< F()>::type >
	Execute func (with no arguments) nTimes in parallel. More...

auto	MapReduce (F func, ROOT::TSeq< INTEGER > args, R redfunc) -> typename std::result_of< F(INTEGER)>::type
	This method behaves just like Map, but an additional redfunc function must be provided. More...

auto	MapReduce (F func, std::initializer_list< T > args, R redfunc) -> typename std::result_of< F(T)>::type

T *	MapReduce (F func, std::vector< T * > &args)

T *	Reduce (const std::vector< T * > &mergeObjs)
	"Reduce" an std::vector into a single object by using the object's Merge More...

Private Types
enum class	ETask : unsigned char { kNoTask , kMap , kMapWithArg , kMapRed , kMapRedWithArg }
	A collection of the types of tasks that TProcessExecutor can execute. More...

Private Member Functions
template<class T >
void	Collect (std::vector< T > &reslist)
	Listen for messages sent by the workers and call the appropriate handler function. More...

template<class T >
void	HandlePoolCode (MPCodeBufPair &msg, TSocket *sender, std::vector< T > &reslist)
	Handle message and reply to the worker. More...

void	ReplyToFuncResult (TSocket *s)
	Reply to a worker who just sent a result. More...

void	ReplyToIdle (TSocket *s)
	Reply to a worker who is idle. More...

void	Reset ()
	Reset TProcessExecutor's state. More...

Private Member Functions inherited from TMPClient
	TMPClient (const TMPClient &)=delete

	TMPClient (unsigned nWorkers=0)
	Class constructor. More...

	~TMPClient ()
	Class destructor. More...

template<class T >
unsigned	Broadcast (unsigned code, const std::vector< T > &objs)
	Send a message with a different object to each server. More...

template<class T >
unsigned	Broadcast (unsigned code, std::initializer_list< T > &objs)
	Send a message with a different object to each server. More...

template<class T >
unsigned	Broadcast (unsigned code, T obj, unsigned nMessages=0)
	Send a message containing code and obj to each worker, up to a maximum number of nMessages workers. More...

unsigned	Broadcast (unsigned code, unsigned nMessages=0)
	Send a message with the specified code to at most nMessages workers. More...

void	DeActivate (TSocket *s)
	DeActivate a certain socket. More...

bool	Fork (TMPWorker &server)
	This method forks the ROOT session into fNWorkers children processes. More...

bool	GetIsParent () const

TMonitor &	GetMonitor ()

unsigned	GetNWorkers () const

void	HandleMPCode (MPCodeBufPair &msg, TSocket *sender)
	Handle messages containing an EMPCode. More...

TMPClient &	operator= (const TMPClient &)=delete

void	ReapWorkers ()
	Wait on worker processes and remove their pids from fWorkerPids. More...

void	Remove (TSocket *s)
	Remove a certain socket from the monitor. More...

void	SetNWorkers (unsigned n)
	Set the number of workers that will be spawned by the next call to Fork() More...

Private Attributes
unsigned	fNProcessed
	number of arguments already passed to the workers More...

unsigned	fNToProcess
	total number of arguments to pass to the workers More...

ETask	fTaskType = ETask::kNoTask
	the kind of task that is being executed, if any More...

Additional Inherited Members
Public Types inherited from ROOT::TExecutor< TProcessExecutor >
using	noReferenceCond = typename std::enable_if<"Function can't return a reference" &&!(std::is_reference< typename std::result_of< F(T...)>::type >::value)>::type

#include <ROOT/TProcessExecutor.hxx>

Inheritance diagram for ROOT::TProcessExecutor:

[legend]

Member Enumeration Documentation

◆ ETask

enum class ROOT::TProcessExecutor::ETask : unsigned char

strongprivate

A collection of the types of tasks that TProcessExecutor can execute.

It is used to interpret in the right way and properly reply to the messages received (see, for example, TProcessExecutor::HandleInput)

Enumerator
kNoTask	no task is being executed
kMap	a Map method with no arguments is being executed
kMapWithArg	a Map method with arguments is being executed
kMapRed	a MapReduce method with no arguments is being executed
kMapRedWithArg	a MapReduce method with arguments is being executed

Definition at line 78 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ TProcessExecutor() [1/2]

ROOT::TProcessExecutor::TProcessExecutor ( unsigned nWorkers = 0 )

explicit

Class constructor.

nWorkers is the number of times this ROOT session will be forked, i.e. the number of workers that will be spawned.

Definition at line 90 of file TProcessExecutor.cxx.

◆ ~TProcessExecutor()

ROOT::TProcessExecutor::~TProcessExecutor ( )

default

◆ TProcessExecutor() [2/2]

ROOT::TProcessExecutor::TProcessExecutor ( const TProcessExecutor & )

delete

Member Function Documentation

◆ Collect()

template<class T >

void ROOT::TProcessExecutor::Collect ( std::vector< T > & reslist )

private

Listen for messages sent by the workers and call the appropriate handler function.

TProcessExecutor::HandlePoolCode is called on messages with a code < 1000 and TMPClient::HandleMPCode is called on messages with a code >= 1000.

Definition at line 319 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

◆ GetNWorkers()

unsigned ROOT::TProcessExecutor::GetNWorkers ( ) const

inline

Definition at line 53 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

◆ HandlePoolCode()

template<class T >

void ROOT::TProcessExecutor::HandlePoolCode	(	MPCodeBufPair &	msg,
		TSocket *	sender,
		std::vector< T > &	reslist
	)

private

Handle message and reply to the worker.

Definition at line 290 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

◆ Map() [1/3]

template<class F , class INTEGER , class Cond >

auto ROOT::TProcessExecutor::Map	(	F	func,
		ROOT::TSeq< INTEGER >	args
	)		-> std::vector<typename std::result_of<F(INTEGER)>::type>

Execute func in parallel, taking an element of a sequence as argument.

A vector containg executions' results is returned.

Definition at line 184 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

◆ Map() [2/3]

template<class F , class T , class Cond >

auto ROOT::TProcessExecutor::Map	(	F	func,
		std::vector< T > &	args
	)		-> std::vector<typename std::result_of<F(T)>::type>

Execute func in parallel, taking an element of an std::vector as argument.

A vector containg executions' results is returned.

Definition at line 140 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

◆ Map() [3/3]

template<class F , class Cond >

auto ROOT::TProcessExecutor::Map	(	F	func,
		unsigned	nTimes
	)		-> std::vector<typename std::result_of<F()>::type>

Execute func (with no arguments) nTimes in parallel.

A vector containg executions' results is returned. Functions that take more than zero arguments can be executed (with fixed arguments) by wrapping them in a lambda or with std::bind.

Definition at line 98 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

◆ MapReduce() [1/2]

template<class F , class T , class R , class Cond >

auto ROOT::TProcessExecutor::MapReduce	(	F	func,
		std::vector< T > &	args,
		R	redfunc
	)		-> typename std::result_of<F(T)>::type

This method behaves just like Map, but an additional redfunc function must be provided.

redfunc is applied to the vector Map would return and must return the same type as func. In practice, redfunc can be used to "squash" the vector returned by Map into a single object by merging, adding, mixing the elements of the vector.

Definition at line 240 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

◆ MapReduce() [2/2]

template<class F , class R , class Cond >

auto ROOT::TProcessExecutor::MapReduce	(	F	func,
		unsigned	nTimes,
		R	redfunc
	)		-> typename std::result_of<F()>::type

This method behaves just like Map, but an additional redfunc function must be provided.

redfunc is applied to the vector Map would return and must return the same type as func. In practice, redfunc can be used to "squash" the vector returned by Map into a single object by merging, adding, mixing the elements of the vector.

Definition at line 199 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

◆ operator=()

TProcessExecutor & ROOT::TProcessExecutor::operator= ( const TProcessExecutor & )

delete

◆ Reduce()

template<class T , class R >

T ROOT::TProcessExecutor::Reduce	(	const std::vector< T > &	objs,
		R	redfunc
	)

"Reduce" an std::vector into a single object by passing a function as the second argument defining the reduction operation.

Definition at line 280 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

◆ ReplyToFuncResult()

void ROOT::TProcessExecutor::ReplyToFuncResult ( TSocket * s )

private

Reply to a worker who just sent a result.

If another argument to process exists, tell the worker. Otherwise send a shutdown order.

Definition at line 108 of file TProcessExecutor.cxx.

◆ ReplyToIdle()

void ROOT::TProcessExecutor::ReplyToIdle ( TSocket * s )

private

Reply to a worker who is idle.

If another argument to process exists, tell the worker. Otherwise ask for a result

Definition at line 126 of file TProcessExecutor.cxx.

◆ Reset()

void ROOT::TProcessExecutor::Reset ( void )

private

Reset TProcessExecutor's state.

Definition at line 97 of file TProcessExecutor.cxx.

◆ SetNWorkers()

void ROOT::TProcessExecutor::SetNWorkers ( unsigned n )

inline

Definition at line 52 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

Member Data Documentation

◆ fNProcessed

unsigned ROOT::TProcessExecutor::fNProcessed

private

number of arguments already passed to the workers

Definition at line 72 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

◆ fNToProcess

unsigned ROOT::TProcessExecutor::fNToProcess

private

total number of arguments to pass to the workers

Definition at line 73 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

◆ fTaskType

ETask ROOT::TProcessExecutor::fTaskType = ETask::kNoTask

private

the kind of task that is being executed, if any

Definition at line 86 of file TProcessExecutor.hxx.

Libraries for ROOT::TProcessExecutor:

[legend]

ROOT::TProcessExecutor::Map

Return value:

Examples:

ROOT::TProcessExecutor::MapReduce

Examples:

Public Member Functions

Private Types

Private Member Functions

Private Attributes

Additional Inherited Members

Member Enumeration Documentation

◆ ETask

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ TProcessExecutor() [1/2]

◆ ~TProcessExecutor()

◆ TProcessExecutor() [2/2]

Member Function Documentation

◆ Collect()

◆ GetNWorkers()

◆ HandlePoolCode()

◆ Map() [1/3]

◆ Map() [2/3]

◆ Map() [3/3]

◆ MapReduce() [1/2]

◆ MapReduce() [2/2]

◆ operator=()

◆ Reduce()

◆ ReplyToFuncResult()

◆ ReplyToIdle()

◆ Reset()

◆ SetNWorkers()

Member Data Documentation

◆ fNProcessed

◆ fNToProcess

◆ fTaskType