THbookFile.cxx

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// @(#)root/hbook:$Id$
// Author: Rene Brun   18/02/2002
 
/*************************************************************************
 * Copyright (C) 1995-2002, Rene Brun and Fons Rademakers.               *
 * All rights reserved.                                                  *
 *                                                                       *
 * For the licensing terms see $ROOTSYS/LICENSE.                         *
 * For the list of contributors see $ROOTSYS/README/CREDITS.             *
 *************************************************************************/
 
/** \class THbookFile
    \ingroup Hist
 This class is an interface to the Hbook objects in Hbook files.
 Any Hbook object (1-D, 2-D, Profile, RWN or CWN can be read
 
 NB: a THbookFile can only be used in READ mode
        Use the utility in $ROOTSYS/bin/h2root to convert Hbook to Root
 
 Example of use:
 
     gSystem->Load("libHbook");
     THbookFile f("myfile.hbook");
     f.ls();
     TH1F *h1 = (TH1F*)f.Get(1);  //import histogram ID=1 in h1
     h1->Fit("gaus");
     THbookTree *T = (THbookTree*)f.Get(111); //import ntuple header
     T->Print();  //show the Hbook ntuple variables
     T->Draw("x","y<0"); // as in normal TTree::Draw
 
 THbookFile can be browsed via TBrowser.
*/
 
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <cctype>
 
#include "TROOT.h"
#include "THbookFile.h"
#include "TH2.h"
#include "THbookTree.h"
#include "THbookBranch.h"
#include "THbookKey.h"
#include "TGraph.h"
#include "TProfile.h"
#include "TTreeFormula.h"
#include "TLeafI.h"
#include "TBrowser.h"
#include "TSystem.h"
#include "TMath.h"
#include "strlcpy.h"
#include "snprintf.h"
 
#include <cstdint>
 
// NOTE: THe following comments and declarations are a duplicate
// of those in main/src/h2root.cxx
 
// Note that with gcc3.4 or above the size of PAWC_SIZE must be the same
// as in the Fortran definition in hbook.f and zebra
// Also, the arrays must be declared extern like on Windows
#define PAWC_SIZE 4000000
 
//  Define the names of the Fortran common blocks for the different OSs
 
#ifndef WIN32
#  define pawc pawc_
#  define quest quest_
#  define hcbits hcbits_
#  define hcbook hcbook_
#  define rzcl rzcl_
extern "C" int pawc[PAWC_SIZE];
extern "C" int quest[100];
extern "C" int hcbits[37];
extern "C" int hcbook[51];
extern "C" int rzcl[11];
#else
#  define pawc   PAWC
#  define quest  QUEST
#  define hcbits HCBITS
#  define hcbook HCBOOK
#  define rzcl   RZCL
extern "C" int pawc[PAWC_SIZE];
extern "C" int quest[100];
extern "C" int hcbits[37];
extern "C" int hcbook[51];
extern "C" int rzcl[11];
#endif
 
int *iq, *lq;
float *q;
char idname[128];
int nentries;
char chtitl[128];
int ncx,ncy,nwt,idb;
int lcont, lcid, lcdir, ltab;
float xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax;
const Int_t kNRH  = 6;
const Int_t kMIN1 = 7;
const Int_t kMAX1 = 8;
 
static Int_t gLastEntry = -1;
 
//  Define the names of the Fortran subroutine and functions for the different OSs
 
#ifndef WIN32
# define hlimit  hlimit_
# define hldir   hldir_
# define hropen  hropen_
# define hrend   hrend_
# define hrin    hrin_
# define hnoent  hnoent_
# define hgive   hgive_
# define hgiven  hgiven_
# define hgnpar  hgnpar_
# define hgnf    hgnf_
# define hgnt    hgnt_
# define hgntf   hgntf_
# define hgnt1   hgnt1_
# define rzink   rzink_
# define hdcofl  hdcofl_
# define hmaxim  hmaxim_
# define hminim  hminim_
# define hdelet  hdelet_
# define hntvar2 hntvar2_
# define hntvar3 hntvar3_
# define hbname  hbname_
# define hbnamc  hbnamc_
# define hbnam   hbnam_
# define hi      hi_
# define hie     hie_
# define hif     hif_
# define hij     hij_
# define hix     hix_
# define hijxy   hijxy_
# define hije    hije_
# define hcdir   hcdir_
 
# define type_of_call
# define DEFCHAR  const char*
# define PASSCHAR(string) string
 
// As recommended in
// https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gfortran/Argument-passing-conventions.html
using fortran_charlen_t = size_t;
 
#else
# define hlimit  HLIMIT
# define hldir   HLDIR
# define hropen  HROPEN
# define hrend   HREND
# define hrin    HRIN
# define hnoent  HNOENT
# define hgive   HGIVE
# define hgiven  HGIVEN
# define hgnpar  HGNPAR
# define hgnf    HGNF
# define hgnt    HGNT
# define hgntf   HGNTF
# define hgnt1   HGNT1
# define rzink   RZINK
# define hdcofl  HDCOFL
# define hmaxim  HMAXIM
# define hminim  HMINIM
# define hdelet  HDELET
# define hntvar2 HNTVAR2
# define hntvar3 HNTVAR3
# define hbname  HBNAME
# define hbnamc  HBNAMC
# define hbnam   HBNAM
# define hi      HI
# define hie     HIE
# define hif     HIF
# define hij     HIJ
# define hix     HIX
# define hijxy   HIJXY
# define hije    HIJE
# define hcdir   HCDIR
# define type_of_call  _stdcall
# define DEFCHAR  const char*, const int
# define PASSCHAR(string) string, strlen(string)
#endif
 
extern "C" void  type_of_call hlimit(const int&);
#ifndef WIN32
extern "C" void  type_of_call hropen(const int&,DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR,
                        const int&,const int&,fortran_charlen_t,fortran_charlen_t,fortran_charlen_t);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hrend(DEFCHAR,fortran_charlen_t);
#else
extern "C" void  type_of_call hropen(const int&,DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR,
                        const int&,const int&);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hrend(DEFCHAR);
#endif
 
extern "C" void  type_of_call hrin(const int&,const int&,const int&);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hnoent(const int&,const int&);
#ifndef WIN32
extern "C" void  type_of_call hgive(const int&,DEFCHAR,const int&,const float&,const float&,
   const int&,const float&,const float&,const int&,const int&,fortran_charlen_t);
#else
extern "C" void  type_of_call hgive(const int&,DEFCHAR,const int&,const float&,const float&,
   const int&,const float&,const float&,const int&,const int&);
#endif
 
  //SUBROUTINE HGNT1(IDD,BLKNA1,VAR,IOFFST,NVAR,IDNEVT,IERROR)
#ifndef WIN32
extern "C" void  type_of_call hgiven(const int&,DEFCHAR,const int&,DEFCHAR,
   const float&,const float&,fortran_charlen_t,fortran_charlen_t);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hgnt1(const int&,DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR,const int&,const int&,const int&,const int&,fortran_charlen_t,fortran_charlen_t);
#else
extern "C" void  type_of_call hgiven(const int&,DEFCHAR,const int&,DEFCHAR,
   const float&,const float&);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hgnt1(const int&,DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR,const int&,const int&,const int&,const int&);
#endif
 
#ifndef WIN32
extern "C" void  type_of_call hntvar2(const int&,const int&,DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR,int&,int&,int&,int&,int&,fortran_charlen_t,fortran_charlen_t, fortran_charlen_t);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hntvar3(const int&,const int&,DEFCHAR, fortran_charlen_t);
#else
extern "C" void  type_of_call hntvar2(const int&,const int&,DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR,int&,int&,int&,int&,int&);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hntvar3(const int&,const int&,DEFCHAR);
#endif
 
#ifndef WIN32
extern "C" void  type_of_call hbnam(const int&,DEFCHAR,const std::int64_t&,DEFCHAR,const int&,fortran_charlen_t, fortran_charlen_t);
#else
extern "C" void  type_of_call hbnam(const int&,DEFCHAR,const std::int64_t&,DEFCHAR,const int&);
#endif
 
extern "C" void  type_of_call hgnpar(const int&,const char *,const int);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hgnf(const int&,const int&,const float&,const int&);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hgnt(const int&,const int&,const int&);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hgntf(const int&,const int&,const int&);
extern "C" void  type_of_call rzink(const int&,const int&,const char *,const int);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hdcofl();
extern "C" void  type_of_call hmaxim(const int&,const float&);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hminim(const int&,const float&);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hdelet(const int&);
extern "C" float type_of_call hi(const int&,const int&);
extern "C" float type_of_call hie(const int&,const int&);
extern "C" float type_of_call hif(const int&,const int&);
extern "C" float type_of_call hij(const int&,const int&,const int&);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hix(const int&,const int&,const float&);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hijxy(const int&,const int&,const int&,const float&,const float&);
extern "C" float type_of_call hije(const int&,const int&,const int&);
#ifndef WIN32
extern "C" void  type_of_call hcdir(DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR ,fortran_charlen_t,fortran_charlen_t);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hldir(DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR ,fortran_charlen_t,fortran_charlen_t);
#else
extern "C" void  type_of_call hcdir(DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR);
extern "C" void  type_of_call hldir(DEFCHAR,DEFCHAR);
#endif
 
Bool_t THbookFile::fgPawInit = kFALSE;
Int_t  *THbookFile::fgLuns   = nullptr;
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///the constructor
 
THbookFile::THbookFile() : fLun(0),fLrecl(0)
{
   fList = new TList();
   fKeys = new TList();
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///  Constructor for an HBook file object
 
THbookFile::THbookFile(const char *fname, Int_t lrecl)
           :TNamed(fname,"")
{
   // Initialize the Hbook/Zebra store
   Int_t i;
   if (!fgPawInit) {
      fgPawInit = kTRUE;
      lq = &pawc[9];
      iq = &pawc[17];
      void *qq = iq;
      q = (float*)qq;
      int pawc_size = PAWC_SIZE;
      hlimit(pawc_size);
      fgLuns = new Int_t[10];
      for (i=0;i<10;i++) fgLuns[i] = 0;
   }
 
   //find a free logical unit (max 10)
   fLun = 0;
   for (i=0;i<10;i++) {
      if (fgLuns[i] == 0) {
         fLun = 10+i;
         fgLuns[i] = 1;
         break;
      }
   }
   if (fLun == 0) {
      Error("THbookFile","Too many HbookFiles\n");
      return;
   }
   char topdir[20];
   snprintf(topdir,19,"lun%d",fLun);
 
   Int_t ier = 0;
#ifndef WIN32
   hropen(fLun,PASSCHAR(topdir),PASSCHAR(fname),PASSCHAR("p"),lrecl,ier,strlen(topdir),strlen(fname),1);
#else
   hropen(fLun,PASSCHAR(topdir),PASSCHAR(fname),PASSCHAR("p"),lrecl,ier);
#endif
   fLrecl = lrecl;
   SetTitle(topdir);
   snprintf(topdir,19,"//lun%d",fLun);
   fCurDir = topdir;
 
   if (ier) printf (" Error on hropen was %d \n", ier);
   if (quest[0]) {
      printf("Error cannot open input file: %s\n",fname);
   }
   if (ier || quest[0]) {
      fgLuns[fLun-10]=0;
      fLun  = 0;
      fList = nullptr;
      fKeys = nullptr;
      MakeZombie();
      return;
   }
 
   gROOT->GetListOfBrowsables()->Add(this,fname);
 
   fList = new TList();
   fKeys = new TList();
   for (Int_t key=1;key<1000000;key++) {
      int z0 = 0;
      rzink(key,z0,"S",1);
      if (quest[0]) break;
      if (quest[13] & 8) continue;
      Int_t id = quest[20];
      THbookKey *akey = new THbookKey(id,this);
      fKeys->Add(akey);
   }
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///destructor
 
THbookFile::~THbookFile()
{
   if (!fList) return;
   Close();
   delete fList;
   delete fKeys;
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// to be implemented
 
void THbookFile::Browse(TBrowser *b)
{
   if( b ) {
      b->Add(fList, "memory");
      b->Add(fKeys, "IDs on disk");
   }
   cd();
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// change directory to dirname
 
Bool_t THbookFile::cd(const char *dirname)
{
   Int_t nch = strlen(dirname);
   if (nch == 0) {
#ifndef WIN32
      hcdir(PASSCHAR(fCurDir.Data()),PASSCHAR(" "),fCurDir.Length(),1);
#else
      hcdir(PASSCHAR(fCurDir.Data()),PASSCHAR(" "));
#endif
      return kTRUE;
   }
 
   char cdir[512];
   Int_t i;
   for (i=0;i<512;i++) cdir[i] = ' ';
   cdir[511] = 0;
#ifndef WIN32
   hcdir(PASSCHAR(dirname),PASSCHAR(" "),nch,1);
   hcdir(PASSCHAR(cdir),PASSCHAR("R"),511,1);
#else
   hcdir(PASSCHAR(dirname),PASSCHAR(" "));
   hcdir(PASSCHAR(cdir),PASSCHAR("R"));
#endif
   for (i=510;i>=0;i--) {
      if (cdir[i] != ' ') break;
      cdir[i] = 0;
   }
   fCurDir = cdir;
   printf("fCurdir=%s\n",fCurDir.Data());
 
   return kTRUE;
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Close the Hbook file
 
void THbookFile::Close(Option_t *)
{
   if(!IsOpen()) return;
   if (!fList) return;
 
   gROOT->GetListOfBrowsables()->Remove(this);
 
   cd();
 
   fList->Delete();
   fKeys->Delete();
   if (fgLuns) fgLuns[fLun-10] = 0;
   hdelet(0);
#ifndef WIN32
   hrend(PASSCHAR(GetTitle()),strlen(GetTitle()));
#else
   hrend(PASSCHAR(GetTitle()));
#endif
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///remove id from file and memory
 
void THbookFile::DeleteID(Int_t id)
{
   hdelet(id);
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// return object with name in fList in memory
 
TObject *THbookFile::FindObject(const char *name) const
{
   return fList->FindObject(name);
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// return object with pointer obj in fList in memory
 
TObject *THbookFile::FindObject(const TObject *obj) const
{
   return fList->FindObject(obj);
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// import Hbook object with identifier idd in memory
 
TObject *THbookFile::Get(Int_t idd)
{
   Int_t id = 0;
   for (Int_t key=1;key<1000000;key++) {
      int z0 = 0;
      rzink(key,z0,"S",1);
      if (quest[0]) break;
      if (quest[13] & 8)  continue;
      id = quest[20];
      if (id == idd) break;
   }
   if (id == 0) return nullptr;
   if (id != idd) {
      printf("Error cannot find ID = %d\n",idd);
      return nullptr;
   }
 
   int i999 = 999;
   // must delete any previous object with the same ID !!
   lcdir = hcbook[6];
   ltab  = hcbook[9];
   for (Int_t i=1;i<=iq[lcdir+kNRH];i++) {
      if (iq[ltab+i] == id) {
         printf("WARNING, previous ID=%d is replaced\n",id);
         hdelet(id);
         break;
      }
   }
   hrin(id,i999,0);
   if (quest[0]) {
      printf("Error cannot read ID = %d\n",id);
      return nullptr;
   }
   hdcofl();
   lcid  = hcbook[10];
   lcont = lq[lcid-1];
   TObject *obj = nullptr;
   if (hcbits[3]) {
      if (iq[lcid-2] == 2) obj = ConvertRWN(id);
      else                 obj = ConvertCWN(id);
      //hdelet(id); //cannot be deleted here since used in GetEntry
      if (obj) {
         fList->Add(obj);
         ((THbookTree *)obj)->SetTitle(GetName());
      }
      return obj;
   }
   if (hcbits[0] && hcbits[7]) {
      obj = ConvertProfile(id);
      hdelet(id);
      if (obj) fList->Add(obj);
      return obj;
   }
   if (hcbits[0]) {
      obj = Convert1D(id);
      hdelet(id);
      if (obj) fList->Add(obj);
      return obj;
   }
   if (hcbits[1] || hcbits[2]) {
      obj = Convert2D(id);
      hdelet(id);
      if (obj) fList->Add(obj);
      return obj;
   }
   return obj;
}
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Read in memory all columns of entry number of ntuple id from the Hbook file
 
Int_t THbookFile::GetEntry(Int_t entry, Int_t id, Int_t atype, Float_t *x)
{
   Int_t ier = 0;
   if (atype == 0) {
      hgnf(id,entry+1,x[0],ier);
   } else {
      hgnt(id,entry+1,ier);
   }
   return 0;
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Read in memory only the branch bname
 
Int_t THbookFile::GetEntryBranch(Int_t entry, Int_t id)
{
   if (entry == gLastEntry) return 0;
   gLastEntry = entry;
   Int_t ier = 0;
   //uses the fast read method using the Hbook tables computed in InitLeaves
   hgntf(id,entry+1,ier);
   //old alternative slow method
//#ifndef WIN32
//   hgnt1(id,PASSCHAR(blockname),PASSCHAR(branchname),0,-1,entry+1,ier,strlen(blockname),strlen(branchname));
//#else
//   hgnt1(id,PASSCHAR(blockname),PASSCHAR(branchname),0,-1,entry+1,ier);
//#endif
   return 0;
}
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// This function is called from the first entry in TTreePlayer::InitLoop
/// It analyzes the list of variables involved in the current query
/// and pre-process the internal Hbook tables to speed-up the search
/// at the next entries.
 
void THbookFile::InitLeaves(Int_t id, Int_t var, TTreeFormula *formula)
{
   if (!formula) return;
   Int_t ncodes = formula->GetNcodes();
   for (Int_t i=1;i<=ncodes;i++) {
      TLeaf *leaf = formula->GetLeaf(i-1);
      if (!leaf) continue;
      if (var == 5) {
         //leafcount may be null in case of a fix size array
         if (leaf->GetLeafCount()) leaf = leaf->GetLeafCount();
      }
      Int_t last = 0;
      if (var == 1 && i == ncodes) last = 1;
#ifndef WIN32
      hntvar3(id,last,PASSCHAR(leaf->GetName()),strlen(leaf->GetName()));
#else
      hntvar3(id,last,PASSCHAR(leaf->GetName()));
#endif
   }
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Returns kTRUE in case file is open and kFALSE if file is not open.
 
Bool_t THbookFile::IsOpen() const
{
   return fLun == 0 ? kFALSE : kTRUE;
}
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///Set branch address
 
void THbookFile::SetBranchAddress(Int_t id, const char *bname, void *add)
{
   std::int64_t aadd = reinterpret_cast<std::int64_t>(add);
#ifndef WIN32
   hbnam(id,PASSCHAR(bname),aadd,PASSCHAR("$SET"),0,strlen(bname),4);
#else
   hbnam(id,PASSCHAR(bname),aadd,PASSCHAR("$SET"),0);
#endif
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Convert this Hbook file to a Root file with name rootname.
/// if rootname="', rootname = hbook file name with .root instead of .hbook
/// By default, the Root file is connected and returned
/// option:
///       - "NO" do not connect the Root file
///       - "C"  do not compress file (default is to compress)
///       - "L"  do not convert names to lower case (default is to convert)
 
TFile *THbookFile::Convert2root(const char *rootname, Int_t /*lrecl*/,
                                Option_t *option)
{
   TString opt = option;
   opt.ToLower();
 
   Int_t nch = strlen(rootname);
   char *rfile=nullptr;
   if (nch) {
      rfile = new char[nch+1];
      strlcpy(rfile,rootname,nch+1);
   } else {
      nch = strlen(GetName());
      rfile = new char[nch+1];
      strlcpy(rfile,GetName(),nch+1);
      char *dot = strrchr(rfile,'.');
      if (dot) strcpy(dot+1,"root");
      else     strlcat(rfile,".root",nch+1);
   }
 
   nch = 2*nch+50;
   char *cmd = new char[nch+1];
   snprintf(cmd,nch,"h2root %s %s",GetName(),rfile);
   if (opt.Contains("c")) strlcat (cmd," 0",nch+1);
   if (opt.Contains("l")) strlcat (cmd," 0",nch+1);
 
   gSystem->Exec(cmd);
 
   delete [] cmd;
   if (opt.Contains("no")) {delete [] rfile; return nullptr;}
   TFile *f = new TFile(rfile);
   delete [] rfile;
   if (f->IsZombie()) {delete f; f = nullptr;}
   return f;
}
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Convert the Column-Wise-Ntuple id to a Root Tree
 
TObject *THbookFile::ConvertCWN(Int_t id)
{
   const int nchar=9;
   int nvar;
   int i,j;
   int nsub,itype,isize,ielem;
   char *chtag_out;
   float rmin[1000], rmax[1000];
 
   if (id > 0) snprintf(idname,127,"h%d",id);
   else        snprintf(idname,127,"h_%d",-id);
   hnoent(id,nentries);
   //printf(" Converting CWN with ID= %d, nentries = %d\n",id,nentries);
   nvar=0;
#ifndef WIN32
   hgiven(id,chtitl,nvar,PASSCHAR(""),rmin[0],rmax[0],80,0);
#else
   hgiven(id,chtitl,80,nvar,PASSCHAR(""),rmin[0],rmax[0]);
#endif
   chtag_out = new char[nvar*nchar+1];
   Int_t *charflag = new Int_t[nvar];
   Int_t *lenchar  = new Int_t[nvar];
   Int_t *boolflag = new Int_t[nvar];
   Int_t *lenbool  = new Int_t[nvar];
   UChar_t *boolarr = new UChar_t[10000];
 
   chtag_out[nvar*nchar]=0;
   for (i=0;i<80;i++)chtitl[i]=0;
#ifndef WIN32
   hgiven(id,chtitl,nvar,chtag_out,rmin[0],rmax[0],80,nchar);
#else
   hgiven(id,chtitl,80,nvar,chtag_out,nchar,rmin[0],rmax[0]);
#endif
 
   Int_t bufpos = 0;
   //Int_t isachar = 0;
   //Int_t isabool = 0;
   char fullname[64];
   char name[32];
   char block[32];
   char oldblock[32];
   strlcpy(oldblock,"OLDBLOCK",32);
   Int_t oldischar = -1;
   for (i=80;i>0;i--) {if (chtitl[i] == ' ') chtitl[i] = 0; }
   THbookTree *tree = new THbookTree(idname,id);
   tree->SetHbookFile(this);
   tree->SetType(1);
 
   char *bigbuf = tree->MakeX(500000);
 
   std::int64_t add = reinterpret_cast<std::int64_t>(&bigbuf[0]);
#ifndef WIN32
   hbnam(id,PASSCHAR(" "),add,PASSCHAR("$CLEAR"),0,1,6);
#else
   hbnam(id,PASSCHAR(" "),add,PASSCHAR("$CLEAR"),0);
#endif
 
   UInt_t varNumber = 0;
   Int_t golower  = 1;
   Int_t nbits = 0;
   for(i=0; i<nvar;i++) {
      memset(name,' ',sizeof(name));
      name[sizeof(name)-1] = 0;
      memset(block,' ',sizeof(block));
      block[sizeof(block)-1] = 0;
      memset(fullname,' ',sizeof(fullname));
      fullname[sizeof(fullname)-1]=0;
#ifndef WIN32
      hntvar2(id,i+1,PASSCHAR(name),PASSCHAR(fullname),PASSCHAR(block),nsub,itype,isize,nbits,ielem,32,64,32);
#else
      hntvar2(id,i+1,PASSCHAR(name),PASSCHAR(fullname),PASSCHAR(block),nsub,itype,isize,nbits,ielem);
#endif
      TString hbookName = name;
 
      for (j=30;j>0;j--) {
         if(golower) name[j] = tolower(name[j]);
         if (name[j] == ' ') name[j] = 0;
      }
      if (golower == 2) name[0] = tolower(name[0]);
 
      for (j=62;j>0;j--) {
         if(golower && fullname[j-1] != '[') fullname[j] = tolower(fullname[j]);
         // convert also character after [, if golower == 2
         if (golower == 2) fullname[j] = tolower(fullname[j]);
         if (fullname[j] == ' ') fullname[j] = 0;
      }
      // convert also first character, if golower == 2
      if (golower == 2) fullname[0] = tolower(fullname[0]);
      for (j=30;j>0;j--) {
         if (block[j] == ' ') block[j] = 0;
         else break;
      }
      if (itype == 1 && isize == 4) strlcat(fullname,"/F",64);
      if (itype == 1 && isize == 8) strlcat(fullname,"/D",64);
      if (itype == 2) strlcat(fullname,"/I",64);
      if (itype == 3) strlcat(fullname,"/i",64);
//     if (itype == 4) strlcat(fullname,"/i",64);
      if (itype == 4) strlcat(fullname,"/b",64);
      if (itype == 5) strlcat(fullname,"/C",64);
//printf("Creating branch:%s, block:%s, fullname:%s, nsub=%d, itype=%d, isize=%d, ielem=%d, bufpos=%d\n",name,block,fullname,nsub,itype,isize,ielem,bufpos);
      Int_t ischar;
      if (itype == 5) ischar = 1;
      else            ischar = 0;
 
      if (ischar != oldischar || strcmp(oldblock,block) != 0) {
         varNumber = 0;
         strlcpy(oldblock,block,32);
         oldischar = ischar;
         add = reinterpret_cast<std::int64_t>(&bigbuf[bufpos]);
         Int_t lblock   = strlen(block);
#ifndef WIN32
         hbnam(id,PASSCHAR(block),add,PASSCHAR("$SET"),ischar,lblock,4);
#else
         hbnam(id,PASSCHAR(block),add,PASSCHAR("$SET"),ischar);
#endif
 
      }
 
      Int_t bufsize = 8000;
      THbookBranch *branch = new THbookBranch(tree,name,(void*)&bigbuf[bufpos],fullname,bufsize);
      tree->GetListOfBranches()->Add(branch);
      branch->SetBlockName(block);
      branch->SetUniqueID(varNumber);
      varNumber++;
 
      //NB: the information about isachar should be saved in the branch
      // to be done
      boolflag[i] = -10;
      charflag[i] = 0;
      if (itype == 4) {
         //isabool++;
         boolflag[i] = bufpos;
         lenbool[i] = ielem;
      }
      bufpos += isize*ielem;
      if (ischar) {
         //isachar++;
         charflag[i] = bufpos - 1;
         lenchar[i] = isize * ielem;
      }
      TObjArray *ll= branch->GetListOfLeaves();
      TLeaf *leaf = (TLeaf*)ll->UncheckedAt(0);
      if (!leaf) continue;
      TLeafI *leafcount = (TLeafI*)leaf->GetLeafCount();
      if (leafcount) {
         if (leafcount->GetMaximum() <= 0) leafcount->SetMaximum(ielem);
      }
   }
   tree->SetEntries(nentries);
   delete [] charflag;
   delete [] lenchar;
   delete [] boolflag;
   delete [] lenbool;
   delete [] boolarr;
   delete [] chtag_out;
 
   return tree;
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Convert the Row-Wise-Ntuple id to a Root Tree
 
TObject *THbookFile::ConvertRWN(Int_t id)
{
   const int nchar=9;
   int nvar;
   int i,j;
   char *chtag_out;
   float rmin[1000], rmax[1000];
 
   if (id > 0) snprintf(idname,127,"h%d",id);
   else        snprintf(idname,127,"h_%d",-id);
   hnoent(id,nentries);
   //printf(" Converting RWN with ID= %d, nentries = %d\n",id,nentries);
   nvar=0;
#ifndef WIN32
   hgiven(id,chtitl,nvar,PASSCHAR(""),rmin[0],rmax[0],80,0);
#else
   hgiven(id,chtitl,80,nvar,PASSCHAR(""),rmin[0],rmax[0]);
#endif
 
   chtag_out = new char[nvar*nchar+1];
 
   Int_t golower  = 1;
   chtag_out[nvar*nchar]=0;
   for (i=0;i<80;i++)chtitl[i]=0;
#ifndef WIN32
   hgiven(id,chtitl,nvar,chtag_out,rmin[0],rmax[0],80,nchar);
#else
   hgiven(id,chtitl,80,nvar,chtag_out,nchar,rmin[0],rmax[0]);
#endif
   hgnpar(id,"?",1);
   char *name = chtag_out;
   for (i=80;i>0;i--) {if (chtitl[i] == ' ') chtitl[i] = 0; }
   THbookTree *tree = new THbookTree(idname,id);
   tree->SetHbookFile(this);
   tree->SetType(0);
   Float_t *x = (Float_t*)tree->MakeX(nvar*4);
 
   Int_t first,last;
   for(i=0; i<nvar;i++) {
      name[nchar-1] = 0;
      first = last = 0;
      TString hbookName = name;
      // suppress trailing blanks
      for (j=nchar-2;j>0;j--) {
         if(golower) name[j] = tolower(name[j]);
         if (name[j] == ' ' && last == 0) name[j] = 0;
         else last = j;
      }
      if (golower == 2) name[0] = tolower(name[0]);
 
      // suppress heading blanks
      for (j=0;j<nchar;j++) {
         if (name[j] != ' ') break;
         first = j+1;
      }
      Int_t bufsize = 8000;
      //tree->Branch(&name[first],&x[i],&name[first],bufsize);
      THbookBranch *branch = new THbookBranch(tree,&name[first],&x[4*i],&name[first],bufsize);
      branch->SetAddress(&x[i]);
      branch->SetBlockName(hbookName.Data());
      tree->GetListOfBranches()->Add(branch);
      name += nchar;
   }
   tree->SetEntries(nentries);
   delete [] chtag_out;
 
   return tree;
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Convert an Hbook profile histogram into a Root TProfile
///
/// the following structure is used in Hbook
///    lcid points to the profile in array iq
///    lcont = lq(lcid-1)
///    lw    = lq(lcont)
///    ln    = lq(lw)
///      if option S jbyt(iq(lw),1,2) = 1
///      if option I jbyt(iq(lw),1,2) = 2
 
TObject *THbookFile::ConvertProfile(Int_t id)
{
   if (id > 0) snprintf(idname,127,"h%d",id);
   else        snprintf(idname,127,"h_%d",-id);
   hnoent(id,nentries);
   Int_t lw = lq[lcont];
   Int_t ln = lq[lw];
#ifndef WIN32
   hgive(id,chtitl,ncx,xmin,xmax,ncy,ymin,ymax,nwt,idb,80);
#else
   hgive(id,chtitl,80,ncx,xmin,xmax,ncy,ymin,ymax,nwt,idb);
#endif
   Float_t offsetx = 0.5*(xmax-xmin)/ncx;
   chtitl[4*nwt] = 0;
   const char *option= " ";
   if (iq[lw] == 1) option = "S";
   if (iq[lw] == 2) option = "I";
   TProfile *p = new TProfile(idname,chtitl,ncx,xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax,option);
 
   const Int_t kCON1 = 9;
   Int_t i;
   Float_t x = 0.0;
   Float_t y = 0.5*(ymin+ymax);
   for (i=1;i<=ncx;i++) {
      Int_t n = Int_t(q[ln+i]);
      hix(id,i,x);
      for (Int_t j=0;j<n;j++) {
         p->Fill(x+offsetx,y);
      }
      Float_t content = q[lcont+kCON1+i];
      Float_t error   = TMath::Sqrt(q[lw+i]);
      p->SetBinContent(i,content);
      p->SetBinError(i,error);
   }
   p->SetEntries(nentries);
   return p;
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Convert an Hbook 1-d histogram into a Root TH1F
 
TObject *THbookFile::Convert1D(Int_t id)
{
   if (id > 0) snprintf(idname,127,"h%d",id);
   else        snprintf(idname,127,"h_%d",-id);
   hnoent(id,nentries);
#ifndef WIN32
   hgive(id,chtitl,ncx,xmin,xmax,ncy,ymin,ymax,nwt,idb,80);
#else
   hgive(id,chtitl,80,ncx,xmin,xmax,ncy,ymin,ymax,nwt,idb);
#endif
   chtitl[4*nwt] = 0;
   TH1F *h1;
   Int_t i;
   if (hcbits[5]) {
      Int_t lbins = lq[lcid-2];
      Double_t *xbins = new Double_t[ncx+1];
      for (i=0;i<=ncx;i++) xbins[i] = q[lbins+i+1];
      h1 = new TH1F(idname,chtitl,ncx,xbins);
      delete [] xbins;
   } else {
      h1 = new TH1F(idname,chtitl,ncx,xmin,xmax);
   }
   if (hcbits[8]) h1->Sumw2();
   TGraph *gr = nullptr;
   if (hcbits[11]) {
      gr = new TGraph(ncx);
      h1->GetListOfFunctions()->Add(gr);
   }
 
   Float_t x;
   for (i=0;i<=ncx+1;i++) {
      x = h1->GetBinCenter(i);
      h1->Fill(x,hi(id,i));
      if (hcbits[8]) h1->SetBinError(i,hie(id,i));
      if (gr && i>0 && i<=ncx) gr->SetPoint(i,x,hif(id,i));
   }
   Float_t yymin, yymax;
   if (hcbits[19]) {
      yymax = q[lcid+kMAX1];
      h1->SetMaximum(yymax);
   }
   if (hcbits[20]) {
      yymin = q[lcid+kMIN1];
      h1->SetMinimum(yymin);
   }
   h1->SetEntries(nentries);
   return h1;
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Convert an Hbook 2-d histogram into a Root TH2F
 
TObject *THbookFile::Convert2D(Int_t id)
{
   if (id > 0) snprintf(idname,127,"h%d",id);
   else        snprintf(idname,127,"h_%d",-id);
   hnoent(id,nentries);
#ifndef WIN32
   hgive(id,chtitl,ncx,xmin,xmax,ncy,ymin,ymax,nwt,idb,80);
#else
   hgive(id,chtitl,80,ncx,xmin,xmax,ncy,ymin,ymax,nwt,idb);
#endif
   chtitl[4*nwt] = 0;
   TH2F *h2 = new TH2F(idname,chtitl,ncx,xmin,xmax,ncy,ymin,ymax);
   Float_t offsetx = 0.5*(xmax-xmin)/ncx;
   Float_t offsety = 0.5*(ymax-ymin)/ncy;
   Int_t lw = lq[lcont];
   if (lw) h2->Sumw2();
 
   Float_t x = 0.0, y = 0.0;
   for (Int_t j=0;j<=ncy+1;j++) {
      for (Int_t i=0;i<=ncx+1;i++) {
         hijxy(id,i,j,x,y);
         h2->Fill(x+offsetx,y+offsety,hij(id,i,j));
         if (lw) {
            Double_t err2 = hije(id,i,j);
            h2->SetBinError(i,j,err2);
         }
      }
   }
   h2->SetEntries(nentries);
   return h2;
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// List contents of Hbook directory
 
void THbookFile::ls(const char *path) const
{
   Int_t nch = strlen(path);
   if (nch == 0) {
#ifndef WIN32
      hldir(PASSCHAR(fCurDir.Data()),PASSCHAR("T"),fCurDir.Length(),1);
#else
      hldir(PASSCHAR(fCurDir.Data()),PASSCHAR("T"));
#endif
      return;
   }
 
#ifndef WIN32
   hldir(PASSCHAR(path),PASSCHAR("T"),strlen(path),1);
#else
   hldir(PASSCHAR(path),PASSCHAR("T"));
#endif
}